<p>I: What is Ninja? As popular as Ninja may be in our modern society, not much is known about them. This is due to the fact that Ninja were an organized intelligence agency that operated covertly in espionage, assassination, counter-intelligence and unconventional warfare. In a way, one could see Ninja as a prototype of the [&hellip;]</p>

<p>These are some of the (semi-)recent news about AKB48&#8217;s dehumanization of women in Japan. Here, I&#8217;ll just post articles in English, that is to say, just the ones that made it into the north american readers. (the photo below is from the recently reported news &#8211; to see the articles, go to the articles #5-8) [&hellip;]</p>

<p>Before I start, it must be noted that there are two types of religious people – those who do not impose their religious views onto others and those who do. By ‘those who impose their religious views’, I do not necessarily mean those who aggressively try to convert you as they are speaking to you, [&hellip;]</p>

<p>Moncriff sets out an ambitious project of arguing against the traditionally accepted view by the medical doctors that mixed diet or eating vegetables is more nutritious for us, and instead takes a view that an exclusive animal diet is the true path to follow if we want to be healthy. He argues that consulting doctors [&hellip;]</p>

<p>“Before atrocities are recognized as such, they are authoritatively regarded as either too extraordinary to be believable or to ordinary to be atrocious. If the events are socially considered unusual, the fact they happened is denied in specific instances; if they are regarded as usual, the fact that they are violating is denied: if it’s [&hellip;]</p>

<p>            In the early modern period, the pursuit of medical knowledge was quickened by the advent of mechanical philosophy. The 16th and 17th centuries in Europe saw a paradigm shift from the Aristotelian geocentric view to the Galilean heliocentric view in astronomy, mathematization of nature and quantification of chemical science, [&hellip;]</p>

<p>“問題が社会で問題と認められる前に、たいていの場合、それらの「問題」はあまりにもひどすぎて信じられない、もしくはあまりにも日常的すぎて問題にはならない、と見なされます。もしその問題が社会的に「普通じゃない」と見なされると、その問題が起きたこと自体否定され、もし逆にその問題が「普通」と見なされるとその「問題」が法や人権を侵している事実を否定されます。要するに、１．もしその問題が起こっているなら、「そんなにひどくないよ」と軽視され、２．もし本当にひどい場合は、「そんなにひどい事が起こっているはずがない；だって（一部の人以外）誰も問題視してないじゃん。」と促されます。” —キャサリンA.マッキノン、&#8221;Are Women Human? and Other International Dialogues&#8221; AKB48は女性を性的に屈従させる、という“伝統的”な“女性の社会での役割”を促進させる考えに乗っ取った、２１世紀のモラルに反する、反女性的な要素があまりにも多くはありませんか？ AKB48とそれに関わるグループは．．． ＊

<p>          A German-Swiss alchemist and occultist, Paracelsus[1] (1493-1541) was particularly influential in promoting what was called occult science in the 16th and 17th centuries. His holistic approach in botanical medicine, astrology and alchemical achievements has been a great contribution to the development of herbal medicine as well as of psychology. Amongst many [&hellip;]</p>

<p>I: Introduction Nichiren (1222-1282) is known for his radical break with the state-sponsored religion, establishing himself as one of the founders of Kamakura New Buddhism.[1] Although his strong faith in the Lotus Sutra derives its origin from the Mahayana school of Buddhism, officially introduced to Japan in 552 from China[2] as T’ien-T’ai school, Nichiren as [&hellip;]</p>

<p>Physics VIII is an argument for the eternal motion as well as for the necessary existence of such a being as the first unmoved mover that must lie at the foundation of all motion, if nature is to be defined as a principle of motion. In this paper, I will attempt to explicate exegetically what [&hellip;]</p>

<p>First making its re-appearance in the 15th century Germany,[1] rhabdomancy remained worthy of attention by scientific communities until the end of the 19th century.[2] Dowsing[3] is an art used to find underground waters and minerals by using a branch of a tree, forked so the dowser holds “one end of the fork in each hand, [&hellip;]</p>

<p>When Leibniz wrote to his friend, Bierling, on July 7th 1711 and asked what Dr. Kaempfer was up to, anxious to read his latest work, he was probably referring to Amoenitates Exoticae of 1712.[1] A German naturalist and physician, Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716) traveled Holland, Sweden and Russia amongst other places, and he had been compiling [&hellip;]</p>

<p>          Sora no Woto (ソラノヲト) is an animation released in 2010 in Japan. The story is set in an indefinite future, revolving around the five girls’ experiences in a military station located in the small town of Seize. During the course of living as military force at Time-Telling Fortress, each of them [&hellip;]</p>

<p>The Society of Jesus was founded in 1540 by Ignatius Loyola to propagate and defend the faith and progress of souls in Christian life and doctrine, and such that its charter of the order, Formula of the Institute contained a number of Rules for Thinking with the Church. There, the basic attitude towards the Church [&hellip;]</p>

<p>          Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) defines virtue as an ability to do whatever one wants and yet get away with anything while maintaining power. If that is the definition of what virtue is, Descartes, I think, is the virtuous philosopher in the 17th century Europe. Descartes faced a number of serious problems with [&hellip;]</p>

<p>  Introduction &nbsp; One of the seven sacraments, Eucharist, is an activity of taking in consecrated bread and wine, which has literally become the flesh and blood of Jesus Christ. This miraculous event is explained in the doctrine of transubstantiation. According to this theory, the accidental properties of the bread and wine (colour, smell, taste, [&hellip;]</p>

<p>A Primary Source Analysis: Archidoxes of Magic by Theophrastus Paracelsus, 1527[1] This is a book which discusses various types of illness and how to make medicines appropriate for each type of illness with the help of the celestial qualities. This, he argues, is not only possible but also rational because it is obvious that “Diseases [&hellip;]</p>

<p>“Things are generally bad. Decay is universal. Disease lies at the very root of things. If Wagner’s name represents the ruin of music… he is not on that account its cause. All he did was to accelerate the fall, &#8211; though we are quite prepared to admit that he did it in a way which [&hellip;]</p>

<p>The doctrine of transubstantiation has puzzled philosophers and theologians alike since at least the time when Berengarius expressed his confession of faith in 1059 and 1079.[1] Berengarius’s vivid expression of the bread and wine in the Eucharist as “the true body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ… [and] truly handled and broken by the [&hellip;]</p>

<p>&#8220;Things are generally bad. Decay is universal. Disease lies at the very root of things. If Wagner&#8217;s name represents the ruin of music&#8230; he is not on that account its cause. All he did was to accelerate the fall, &#8211; though we are quite prepared to admit that he did it in a way which [&hellip;]</p>